Пилюльные осы, или эумены () — типовой род подсемейства одиночных ос (Eumeninae) из семейства Vespidae. Более ста видов и подвидов.
Описание Отличаются стройной талией — узким стебельком между грудкой и брюшком. Передний край наличника с отчётливой вырезкой. Гнёзда в виде глиняных кувшинчиков. Ловят гусениц бабочек и, иногда, ложногусениц пилильщиков. В мировой фауне около 100 видов, в том числе более 40 видов — в Юго-Восточной АзииLien Thi Phuong Nguyen. 2015. Potter wasps of the genus Eumenes Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from Vietnam, with description of a new species and key to species. — Zootaxa 3974 (4): 564—572. В Палеарктике около 50 видов, для СССР указывалось 27, в Афротропике 12 видов, в Новом Свете 17 видов , около 50 видов в Ориентальном регионеCarpenter, J.M., Gusenleitner, J. & Madl, M. (2010) A Catalogue of the Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of the Ethiopian Region excluding Malagasy Subregion. Part II: Genera Delta de Saussure, 1885 to Zethus Fabricius, 1804 and species incertae sedis. Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 41 (1), 95-315.. В Китае 31 вид и 7 подвидов.
Для кормления личинок охотятся на мелких гусениц листоверток, пядениц и огнёвок.
Классификация Известно 107 видов и 43 подвидаQin J, Chen B, Li T-J (2023) Additions to the knowledge of the genus Eumenes Latreille, 1802 from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 96: 697—714. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.107701.
Eumenes achterbergi Giordani Soika, 1992 Eumenes acuminatus de Saussure, 1856 Eumenes acus Giordani Soika Eumenes aemilianus Guiglia, 1951 Eumenes aethiopica de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes affinissimus de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes agillimus Dalla Torre, 1894 Eumenes agillimus Smith Eumenes algirus (Schulz) Eumenes alluaudi Pér. Eumenes americanus de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes andrei Dalla Torre, 1894 Eumenes antennatus Bingham, 1898 Eumenes apicalis Macleay, 1826 Eumenes aquilonius Sk. Yamane,1977 Eumenes arbustorum (Panzer, 1799) Eumenes architectus Smith, 1858 Eumenes arcuatus Fabricius Eumenes arnoldi Bequaert, 1926 Eumenes asiaticus Gusenleitner, 1970 Eumenes asioboreus Kim & Yamane, 2001Kim, J. & Yamane, S. (2001) A Revision of Eumenes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) from the Far East Asia, withdescription of one new species and one new subspecies. Entomological Science, 4 (2), 139—155. Eumenes assamensis Meade-Waldo, 1910 Eumenes aterrimus Schulthess Rechberg Eumenes atrophicus (Fabricius, 1798) Eumenes aureoniger Giordani Soika Eumenes aureus Isely, 1917 Eumenes autrani Brethes, 1903 Eumenes belfragei Cresson, 1872 Eumenes belli Giordani Soika, 1973 Eumenes bequaerti Giordani Soika Eumenes bicinctus de Saussure Eumenes bisignatus Walker, 1871 Eumenes blandus Smith, 1861 Eumenes boettcheri Giordani Soika, 1941 Eumenes bollii Cresson, 1872 Eumenes bonariensis Brethes, 1905 Eumenes brunneus Isely, 1917 Eumenes buddha Cameron, 1898 Eumenes campaniformis Fabricius Eumenes canaliculatus de Saussure Eumenes capensis Schulthess, 1910 Eumenes caspica Blüthgen, 1952 Eumenes celonitiformis Giordani Soika Eumenes coarctatus (Linnaeus 1758) Eumenes comberi Dover, 1925 Eumenes consobrinus de Saussure, 1856 Eumenes conspicuus Smith, 1858 Eumenes coronatus (Panzer 1799) Eumenes coyotae Bohart, 1948 Eumenes crassicornis Isely, 1917 Eumenes crimensis Blüthgen, 1938 Eumenes crucifera Prov., 1888 Eumenes cruciferoides Giordani Soika, 1978 Eumenes cubensis Cresson, 1865 Eumenes cyrenaicus Blüthgen, 1938 Eumenes dilectula Walker, 1871 Eumenes diligens Smith, 1864 Eumenes dimidativentris Giordani Soika Eumenes dimidiativentris (Giordani Soika) Eumenes dimidiatus Br. Eumenes distincta de Saussure Eumenes dorsomaculatus Zavattari, 1912 Eumenes dorycus Maindron, 1882 Eumenes dubius de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes eburneopictus Giordani Soika Eumenes enigmatus Viereck, 1908 Eumenes erythraspis Cameron, 1910 Eumenes erythropoda Cameron, 1898 Eumenes excipiendus Spinosa, 1851 Eumenes exiguus de Saussure, 1856 Eumenes femoratus Schulthess Eumenes ferruginea Holland, 1917 Eumenes festanus Zavattari 1912 Eumenes filiformis (de Saussure, 1856) Eumenes flavigularis Blüthgen Eumenes floralis Smith, 1858 Eumenes formosensis Giordani Soika, 1941 Eumenes fraterculus Dalla Torre, 1894 Eumenes fraternus Say, 1824 Eumenes fuellebornianus Schulthess, 1910 Eumenes fulvipennis Bequard, 1926 Eumenes fulvoides Giordani Soika, 1949 Eumenes fulvopilosellus Giordani Soika, 1965 Eumenes gibbosus Nguyen, 2015 — Вьетнам Eumenes glacialis Giordani Soika, 1940 Eumenes globulosus de Saussure, 1855 Eumenes gracillimus Giordani Soika Eumenes gribodianus Guiglia, 1933 Eumenes guillarmodi Giordani Soika, 1975 Eumenes haemorrhoidalis Smith? Eumenes henricus Cameron, 1908 Eumenes hessei Giordani Soika Eumenes histro (Vill., 1789) Eumenes humbertianus de Saussure, 1867 Eumenes improvisus Giordani Soika, 1975 Eumenes impunctatus Prov., 1888 Eumenes incola Giordani Soika Eumenes inconspicuus Smith, 1857 Eumenes indetonsus Morawitz Eumenes inombratus Giordani Soika, 1934 Eumenes insolens Smith, 1865 Eumenes insularis Smith Eumenes interpositus Gusenleitner, 1972 Eumenes invertitus Giordani Soika Eumenes janseii Cameron, 1910 Eumenes jarkandensis Blüthgen, 1938 Eumenes kangrae Dover, 1925 Eumenes karafutonis Sk. Yamane, 1977 Eumenes kashmirensis Giordani Soika Eumenes kiangsuensis Giordani Soika, 1941 Eumenes koriensis Giordani Soika, 1992 Eumenes labiatus Giordani Soika, 1941 Eumenes leptogaster Walker Eumenes libycus Giordani Soika Eumenes longirostris Gerstäcker,1857 Eumenes lucasius de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes lunulatus Fabricius Eumenes luristanensis Giordani Soika, 1949 Eumenes lybicus Giordani Soika Eumenes macedonicus Blüthgen, 1952 Eumenes macrops de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes mainpuriensis Smith, 1870 Eumenes makilingi Willink, 1928 Eumenes marginellus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1841) Eumenes maxillosus (De Geer, 1773) Eumenes mediterraneus Kriechbaumer, 1879 Eumenes megalospilus Cameron, 1911 Eumenes melanosoma de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes melanosomus de Saussure Eumenes micado Cameron 1904 Eumenes micropunctatus Giordani Soika, 1975 Eumenes microscopicus de Saussure Eumenes minuta de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes modestus Gusenleitner 2006 Eumenes mongolicus (Moravitz, 1889) Eumenes moseri (Schulz, 1906) Eumenes multipictus de Saussure, 1855 Eumenes niger Brulle Eumenes pachygaster Isely, 1917 Eumenes papillarius (Christ 1791) Eumenes parisii Giordani Soika, 1939 Eumenes pedunculatus (Panzer, 1799) Eumenes peringeyanus Schulthess, 1913 Eumenes persimilis Giordani Soika, 1960 Eumenes philanthes de Saussure Eumenes pictus Smith, 1857 Eumenes piriformis de Saussure, 1862 Eumenes pius Giordani Soika, 1986 Eumenes placens Nurse, 1903 Eumenes pomiformis (Fabricius 1781) Eumenes pomiformis (Rossi) Eumenes priesneri Giordani Soika Eumenes pseudubius Gusenleitner, 1972 Eumenes punctaticlypeus Giordani Soika 1943 Eumenes punctatus de Saussure 1852 Eumenes pyriformis de Saussure, 1862 Eumenes quadratus Smith, 1852 Eumenes quadrispinosus de Saussure, 1855 Eumenes quettaensis (Cameron) Eumenes rauensis Giordani Soika Eumenes relata Dover, 1925 Eumenes rethoides (Spinosa, 1854) Eumenes robusta Kostylev, 1940 Eumenes robustus Isely, 1917 Eumenes roemeri Handlirsch Eumenes rotundicollis Cameron Eumenes rubrofemoratus Giordani Soika, 1941 Eumenes rubroniger (Giordani Soika) Eumenes rubronotatus Perkins, 1905 Eumenes rufomaculatus (Fox, 1899) Eumenes sakalavus (de Saussure, 1900) Eumenes samurayi Schulthess, 1908 Eumenes sardous Guiglia, 1951 Eumenes sareptanus André, 1884 Eumenes saundersi Westwood, 1855 Eumenes sculleni Bohart, 1950 Eumenes selisi Fateryga, 2024Fateryga A.V., Proshchalykin M.Yu. (2024). New records of the solitary Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Masarinae and Eumeninae s. l.) from Central Asia, with new synonyms and description of a new species of Eumenes Latreille. Zootaxa. Vol. 5529. No. 3: 551—569 (29 Oct. 2024) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5529.3.7. Eumenes separatus Gusenleitner, 1972 Eumenes septentrionalis Giordani Soika, 1940 Eumenes sericeus de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes sichelii Giordani Soika Eumenes signicornis Walker, 1871 Eumenes sikkimensis Giordani Soika, 1986 Eumenes simplicilamellatus Giordani Soika, 1934 Eumenes singularis Smith Eumenes smithii de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes solidus Gusenleitner, 1972 Eumenes stenogaster Isely, 1917 Eumenes subpomiformis Blüthgen, 1938 Eumenes sulcigastra Gribodo, 1884 Eumenes tosawae Giordani Soika, 1941 Eumenes totonacus de Saussure Eumenes transbaicalicus Kurzenko, 1984 Eumenes tripolitanus Giordani Soika, 1939 Eumenes tripunctatus (Christ, 1791) Eumenes unguiculatus Villers Eumenes variepunctatus Giordani Soika, 1958 Eumenes velutinus Ducke, 1911 Eumenes verticalis Say, 1824 Eumenes viatrix Nurse Eumenes violaceus Giordani Soika Eumenes vishnu Cameron, 1898 Eumenes wagae Rad., 1876 Eumenes xanthaspis Cameron, 1910 Eumenes xanthurus de Saussure Eumenes zimmermanni Giordani Soika, 1934
Примечания
Литература Giordani Soika, A. 1978. Revisione degli Eumenidi neotropicali appartenenti ai generi Eumenes Latr., Omicron (Sauss.), Pararaphidoglossa Schulth. ed affini. Boll. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Venezia 29: 1—420. Kumar, P.G., Carpenter, J.M., Castro, L. & Sureshan, P.M. (2017) A taxonomic review of the Indian species of the genus Eumenes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Zootaxa, 4317 (3), 469—498. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.3 Nguyen, L.T.P. (2015) Potter wasps of the genus Eumenes Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from Vietnam, with description of a new species and key to species. Zootaxa, 3974 (4), 564—572. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3974.4.7 Nguyen, L.P.T. (2016) Two new species of the genus Eumenes Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from Vietnam. Zootaxa, 4093 (4), 583—588. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4093.4.11 Nugroho, H., Ubaidillah, R. & Kojima, J. (2010) Potter wasps of the genus Eumenes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Vespidae:Eumeninae) in the western part of the Papuan Region, with description of two new species and taxonomic notes on E. inconspicuus Smith. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 58 (2), 179—187.
Ссылки BioLib
Категория:Пилюльные осы Категория:Роды перепончатокрылых Категория:Таксоны, описанные Пьером Андре Латреем