mini|Det prekolumbiske zuñi-området.
Zuñi er eit urfolkspråk i USA som blir tala av zuñifolk frå vestlege New Mexico og austlege Arizona. Det har rundt 9 500 talarar, særleg rundt Zuni Pueblo i New Mexico. Til forskjell frå mange andre urfolkspråk i USA har zuñi mange unge talarar og er i utbreidd bruk som daglegspråk. Det er derfor mindre truga av språkdød.
Zuñi er eit isolert språk, men høyrer til pueblo-språkbunten og har mange lånord frå keres, hopi og o'odham.
Zuñinamnet på språket er (shiwi 'zuñi' og '-’ma', 'zuñi-måten') og namnet på talarane er a:shiwi (’a:(w)- [fleirtal] + shiwi, 'zuñi').
Skrift Zuñi blir skrive med latinsk skrift. Zuñialfabetet har 18 bokstavar:
A, B, D, CH, E, H, I, K, L, Ł, M, N, O, P, S, T, U, W, Y
Bokstaven Ł, ł uttrykker lyden (IPA, uttalt som h og l saman). Ein bruker ’ ti la uttrykk (glottal plosiv) i midten og slutten, men ikkje først i ord.
I tillegg til ch finst det også fleire bokstavkombinasjonar.
Bokstavane c, r, g, v, z, x, q, f j er ikkje brukt i zuñi, men kan brukast til å skriva lånord.
Zuñiortografien blei i stor grad utarbeidd av Curtis Cook. Det finst også eldre ortografiar laga av språkforskarar og antropologar.
Kjelder
Denne artikkelen bygger på «Zuni language» frå , den 31. januar 2013.
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Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Newman, Stanley. (1954). A practical Zuni orthography. In J. Roberts & W. Smith (Eds.), Zuni law: A field of values (pp. 163–170). Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology (Vol. 43, No. 1). Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum, Harvard University. ISBN 0-527-01312-9 Newman, Stanley. (1955). Vocabulary levels: Zuni sacred and slang usage. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, 11, 345-354. Newman, Stanley. (1958). Zuni dictionary. Indiana University research center publications (No. 6). Bloomington: Indiana University. Newman, Stanley. (1964). Comparison of Zuni and California Penutian. International Journal of American Linguistics, 30, 1-13. Newman, Stanley. (1965). Zuni grammar. University of New Mexico publications in anthropology (No. 14). Albuquerque: University of New Mexico. Newman, Stanley. (1967). Zuni grammar: Alternative solutions versus weaknesses. International Journal of American Linguistics, 33, 187-192. Newman, Stanley. (1967). The Zuni verb 'to be'. In J. W. Verhaar (Ed.), Foundations of language, supplemental series (Vol. 1). The Humanities Press. Newman, Stanley. (1996). Sketch of the Zuni language. In I. Goddard (Ed.) Handbook of North American Indians: Languages (Vol. 17, pp. 483–506). Washington: Smithsonian Institution. Nichols, Lynn. (1990). Direct quotation and switch reference in Zuni. In Proceedings of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (No. 16, pp. 90–100). Nichols, Lynn. (1993). Recovering Zuni auxiliaries and their role in event classification. Harvard Studies in Linguistics, 3, 92-108. Nichols, Lynn. (1998). Topics in Zuni syntax. (Doctoral dissertation, Harvard). Parsons, Elsie Clews. (1927). Zuñi names and naming practices. The Journal of American Folklore, 36 (140), 171-176. Stout, Carol. (1972). Zuni transitivity: A generative approach. (Doctoral dissertation, University of New Mexico). Tedlock, Dennis. (1972). Finding the center: Narrative poetry of the Zuni Indians. New York: Dial. Tedlock, Dennis. (1978). Coyote and Junco. In W. Bright (Ed.), Coyote stories (pp. 171–177). Chicago: The Chicago University Press. Tedlock, Dennis. (1983). The spoken word and the work of interpretation. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania. Tedlock, Dennis. (1999). Finding the center: The art of the Zuni storyteller (2nd ed.). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. Walker, Willard. (1964). Reference, taxonomy and inflection in Zuni. (Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University). Walker, Willard. (1966). [Review of Zuni grammar by Stanley Newman]. Language, 42 (1), 176-180. Walker, Willard. (1966). Inflection and taxonomic structure in Zuni. International Journal of American Linguistics, 32 (3), 217-227. Walker, Willard. (1979). Zuni semantic categories. In A. Ortiz (Ed.), Handbook of North American Indians: Southwest (Vol. 9, pp. 509–513). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Walker, Willard. (1983). What Zuni is really like. In F. Agard, G. Kelley, A. Makkai, V. B. Makkai (Eds.), Essays in honor of Charles F. Hockett (pp. 551–562). Leiden: E. J. Brill. Watts, Linda. (1992). Relational terminology at Zuni Pueblo: A social semiotic case study. (Doctoral dissertation, Arizona State University). Yumitani, Yukihiro. (1987). A comparative sketch of Pueblo languages: Phonology. In Kansas working papers in linguistics (No. 12, pp. 119–139). University of Kansas.
Bakgrunnsstoff Zuni ved Ethnologue Zuni World View , "Linguistic and Ontological Implications of the Conceptual Presuppositions of the Zuni Worldview", HTML og PDF. Engelsk-zuñi ordliste Engelsk-zuñi fraseliste Zuni Bibeldelar på zuñi
Kategori:Isolerte språk Kategori:Innfødde amerikanske språk Kategori:Språk i USA Kategori:Zuñifolk Kategori:Einskildspråk